Tort - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tort is a legal term that means criminal wrong, as opposed to a civil wrong, that is recognized by law as grounds for a lawsuit. Unlike obligations created through a contract, the duties imposed under tort law are mandatory for all citizens in that jurisdiction. Somebody behaves 'tortiously' when they harm other people's bodies, property or legal rights or breach a duty owed under statutory law.
Criminal wrong - penal in nature. The violator can go to jail, on top of paying damages.
Civil wrong - The violator pays damages, but does not necessarily go to jail. A criminal act automatically implies civil liability, and hence necessitates moral damages.
Statutory law - written law, as opposed to oral or customary law. Legislated by the government.
Contract - legally binding exchange of promises or agreement between parties, that the law will enforce.
Crimes
Crimes are also grouped by severity, some common categorical terms being: felonies (US and previously UK), indictable offences (UK), misdemeanors (US and previously UK), and summary offences (UK). For convenience, infractions are also usually included in such lists although, in the U.S., they may not be the subject of the criminal law, but rather of the civil law.
The following are crimes in many criminal jurisdictions:
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